Hydrogen orbital cloud — pick an orbital from 1s to 5d

Pick an orbital

View options

Current orbital

nlm radial
nodes
angular
nodes
About this visualisation

Points are drawn by sampling the 3D probability density of the real-valued hydrogen wavefunction. The radial part comes from the standard hydrogen radial functions; the angular part uses the real spherical harmonics (px, py, pz; dxy, dyz, d, dxz, dx²-y²), so the wavefunction is purely real — no imaginary numbers anywhere.

The axes drawn on the canvas are x (right when un-rotated), y (up when un-rotated) and z (toward viewer when un-rotated). The "+" tick marks the positive end of each axis.